Muhimmancin irin kek a kicin namu da yadda ake yin shi

Puff irin kek yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗancan kullu waɗanda ke ɗaga kowane tasa, daga cizon ɗanɗano zuwa a zakara kayan zaki. Sihirinsa yana cikin rufaffiyar yadudduka crispy wanda ke fashewa a cikin bakinka da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, abin da ba a samunsa ta hanyar sihiri amma tare da fasaha, haƙuri da kula da yanayin zafi mai kyau.

Yawancin lokaci ana lakafta shi azaman girke-girke mai ban sha'awa, amma yana da kyau a faɗi shi a fili: Yana da gari, ruwa, gishiri da man shanuIdan za ku iya ɗaukar gurasa mai tsami ko cushe cushe, kuna shirye don magance irin kek. Abin da ke haifar da bambanci shine fahimtar dalilin da yasa yake aiki, yadda aka samar da yadudduka, da kuma abin da yanke shawara na fasaha (fulawa, zafin jiki, nadawa, lokutan hutawa) yana riƙe da sakamakon.

Menene puff irin kek kuma me yasa yake da mahimmanci a cikin dafa abinci?

Puff irin kek wani kullu ne mai yawo wanda aka haɗa da shi alternating yadudduka na kullu da maiLokacin yin burodi, zafi yana narkar da man shanu, yana sakin tururi da kuma haifar da matsa lamba wanda ya rabu da ɗaga zanen gado, yana haifar da wannan haske, ciki mai laushi. Ba ya amfani da baking powder: ya tashi godiya ga tururi tarko tsakanin yadudduka, don haka huda ɓawon burodi kafin yin gasa yana kiyaye shi da kyau kuma yana da ƙarfi.

Muhimmancinsa a kicin ya bayyana ta iya aiki. Yana aiki a matsayin tushe don kek, tartlets ko sarkak; Hakanan yana haɗa abubuwan da aka cika masu daɗi ko masu daɗi, yana mai da su zuwa guntu masu kyau. A hannun masu sana'a, ana iya tsaftace shi da kuma da hankali; a cikin nau'ikan masana'antu, yin amfani da kitse ban da man shanu yana ba da dandano, kodayake yana sauƙaƙe tsarin injin.

Asalin da tarihin puff irin kek

Tushen irin kek ana samun su akai-akai pastries na tsakiya tare da tasirin Larabawa, tare da ko da a baya echos a cikin abinci irin su Girkanci da Roman. A cikin duniyar Hispanic, littafin girke-girke na Hernández Máceras na 1607 ya riga ya kwatanta shiri mai kama da wanda muke amfani da shi a yau.

A Faransa, labarin Claude Gelée, wanda aka fi sani da Claude Lorrain, ya shahara. An yaba masa da fitowa da sigar zamani: kewaye man shanu a cikin kullu wanda akai-akai nadawa da mikewa, ana maye gurbin mai na gargajiya da man shanu da kuma inganta fasahar shimfidawa.

A tsawon lokaci, da girke-girke ya reshe a cikin styles da bambance-bambancen fasahaAbu mai ban sha'awa shi ne, duk da ƙarni, abubuwan asali sun kasance iri ɗaya: yadudduka, hutawa, zafin jiki, da mai mai kyau. Ƙirƙira ya yi sauran.

A ƙarin bayanin yau da kullun, duk wanda ya zagaya tarurrukan bita zai san cewa kuna ganin abubuwan da ke da wuyar gaskatawa: margarine a cikin guda waɗanda ke alfahari da kasancewa masu fasaha ko babban kanti puff irin kek akan menu na gidan abinci. Gaskiyar irin kek ɗin man shanu, da aka yi da kyau kuma tare da yadudduka masu kauri da yawa, ba su da yawa fiye da yadda ya kamata, watakila saboda sunansa na ƙwazo. Amma babu sirrin da ba za a iya isa ba: akwai hanya da juriya.

Nau'in irin kek da ya kamata ku sani

Rarraba irin kek ɗin puff yana taimaka muku zaɓar dabarar da ta dace don kowane girke-girke. Waɗannan su ne mafi yawan nau'ikan, tare da manyan fasalulluka da amfaninsu, duk sun dogara ne akan yadudduka na kullu da mai:

Kayan kamshi na gama-gari

Sigar canonical ce: kullu na gari, ruwa da gishiri ya kewaye wani shingen man shanu wanda aka shimfiɗa kuma ana ninkewa a bi da bi. Tare da abubuwa hudu An ƙera shi da kyau, zaku iya samun yanki mai ban sha'awa. Ya fi dacewa kuma yana ba da ma'auni mai kyau tsakanin girma, slicing, da kintsattse.

Juyawa irin kek

Anan shine mai da ke rufe kulluYana nuna ya ɗan rage ƙaranci, amma yana rugujewa sosai idan an cije shi. Sarrafa shi ya fi kyau kuma ya dace da shirye-shirye inda friability ke ɗaukar fifiko akan girma.

Gari mai sauri ko irin kek na karya

Ana yin ta ne ta hanyar haɗa dukkan abubuwan da suka dace da sanyi sosai sannan a ninka su sau kaɗan. Yana da sauri gyara, kuma ko da yake Bai yi daidai da sakamakon wani irin kek na gargajiya ba, Yana aiki don ƙananan shirye-shirye masu wuya. Zai fi kyau a rike kullu a hankali kuma a kula da wasu folds.

Rabin irin kek

Amfani kasa da rabo na mai kuma yana buƙatar ƴan juyawa. Wannan yana da amfani lokacin da kake neman nadi mai hankali da sarrafawa, ko ga guntun da ba sa buƙatar irin wannan tsayin daka.

Sinadaran da kuma kullu kimiyya

Garin da ya fi dacewa shine rabin ƙarfi, tare da kusan 11 zuwa 12% protein. Idan kuna da gari mai ƙarfi kawai, rama ta hanyar haɗawa cikin kusan kashi uku na fulawa mara ƙarfi. Yawan alkama yana dagula jujjuyawa, kadan yana rage ƙarfin haɓakawa.

Dole ne ruwan ya kasance sanyi sosaiMan shanu, wanda ba ya da gishiri kuma mai siffa kamar sandunan rectangular, ya kamata a yi aiki a kusan digiri 15, a lokacin ya zama mai sassauƙa ba tare da tsagewa ba. Wadannan guntun man shanu da aka shimfiɗa ana kiran su manna; kullun fulawa, ruwa, da gishirin da ke kewaye da shi ana kiransa kullu.

Me yasa margarine ke da yawa a cikin masana'antar? Domin zafinta na narkewa yana ba da damar warmer inji matakai da kuma gafartawa: yana iya jure jujjuyawa ba tare da narkewa ba a yanayin zafi sama da man shanu, wanda ya zama mai laushi a kusan digiri 28. A gida, a cikin sanyi kuma tare da lokaci mai yawa, man shanu yana da kyau sosai kuma yana ba da dandano maras misaltuwa.

Wasu ƙididdiga sun haɗa da taɓawa lemun tsami ko dan kadan na kitse a cikin kullu don shakatawa da alkama. Acidity yana raunana cibiyar sadarwar furotin kuma yana sa kullu ya zama mai jujjuyawa; kitsen yana ɗaure zuwa hydrophobic amino acid kuma yana hana alkama daga riƙewa sosai.

Yadudduka, folds, da juyawa: yadda aka gina laminate

Laminate ya dogara ne akan mikewa da ninkewa Toshe mai dauke da kitse. Ninki ɗaya ya ƙunshi naɗe kullu cikin uku, kamar triptych. Hakanan akwai nau'i-nau'i-nau'i, nau'i-nau'i biyu, da nau'i-nau'i masu yawa, amma guda ɗaya shine mafi yawan amfani da kek ɗin gaba ɗaya.

Daki-daki mai amfani shine yin alama na yau da kullun: bayan kowane juyi, juya toshe 90 digiri kuma tabbatar da cewa gefen ninka koyaushe yana gefe ɗaya, misali, a dama. Wannan aikin yana hana rasa daidaituwa na yadudduka kuma yana tabbatar da daidaito.

Adadin yadudduka yana girma da yawa. Tare da sauƙaƙa guda shida, daruruwan zanen gadoA gaskiya ma, idan ka ninka adadin kitse a kowane juzu'i uku, za ka sami adadi akan tsari na 729 na man shanu da wani Layer na kullu. Saboda haka, millefeuille mai kyau ba za a iya doke shi ba.

Tsakanin juyi, sanyi shine maɓalli: huta filastar a cikin firiji don man shanu ya sake yin ƙarfi kuma Gluten network yana shakatawaA kwanakin sanyi, zaku iya rage hutunku; a kwanakin dumi, har ma da abin nadi yana godiya da ziyarar firiji.

Tushen sinadaran da adadin da aka ba da shawarar

Wata dabarar gargajiya wacce ke aiki da kyau a gida don fure ko irin kek na gama-gari ya haɗa da: Gari 500 g matsakaicin ƙarfi, 250 ml na ruwan sanyi, 5 g na gishiri, 60 g na man shanu mai narkewa don kullu, da 350 g na man shanu mai sanyi don cikawa. Idan kana amfani da shi don kayan zaki, ƙara teaspoon 1 na sukari a kullu.

Classic puff irin kek a gida: mataki-mataki

Kafin ka fara, shirya duk abin da aka auna da tsari. Yana da kyau a yi aiki tare da tebur na gari da saurin motsi don gujewa dumama kitse.

1. KulluKi zuba garin a cikin babban kwano ki yi rijiya, sannan a zuba ruwan sanyi, gishiri, da man shanu mai narkewa. Mix daga tsakiya a waje har sai an hade; a durkusa kawai don sanya shi santsi da na roba.
2. Kafa ya hutaYi ball, yanke giciye a saman, kunsa a cikin filastik kunsa, kuma a firiji na tsawon minti 30 zuwa 60.
3. CikoSanya man shanu mai sanyi a tsakanin zanen takarda guda biyu na yin burodi kuma, ta yin amfani da fil mai birgima, laban kuma a daidaita shi cikin madaidaicin madaidaicin murabba'i, kusan 14 cm a kowane gefe. Ya kamata ya zama sanyi amma mai lalacewa, ba tare da karye ba.
4. ambulaf da rufewaMirgine kullun zuwa siffar giciye, mai kauri a tsakiya, sa'annan ku sanya shingen man shanu a tsakiyar giciye. Rufe gefe daya da farko, sannan a gefe na gaba, sannan sama da kasa, rufe gefuna don hana kitsen tserewa.
5. Lamination na farkoMirgine kullun a waje guda, ta yin amfani da gajeriyar jujjuyawar abin birgima, har sai ta yi rectangular sau uku muddin yana da fadi. A goge duk wani fulawa da ya wuce gona da iri.
6. Komawa ɗayaKa yi tunanin an raba rectangle zuwa tsaunuka masu tsayi uku. Ninka ƙarshen ɗaya a kan tsakiyar ukun kuma ɗayan ƙarshen akan kunshin, salon ninka uku. Juya digiri 90 a cikin hanyar da kuka zaɓa kuma kuyi firiji na tsawon mintuna 15 zuwa 30.
7. Yawan cinya. Maimaita mikewa da nadawa a daidai wannan hanya don kammala zagaye shida zuwa bakwai, tare da sanyi na mintuna 20 a tsakanin su. Koyaushe kiyaye daidaitawa iri ɗaya na folds.
8. Kula da yanayin zafiIdan man shanu yana leke ko kuma ka lura yana yin laushi, sai a mayar da shi cikin firiji na tsawon mintuna 30. Mai da shi idan ya tabbata. Yi aiki da sauri kuma ku guji taɓa shi da yawa da hannuwanku.
9. Gama. Lokacin da kuka shirya don amfani da kullu, shimfiɗa shi a hanya ɗaya zuwa kauri da ake so. Lokacin yankan, yi amfani da wuka mai kaifi sosai kuma a yi a bushe bushe don gujewa murƙushewa ko walda yadudduka. Idan kana buƙatar kiyaye tushe daga tashi, toka saman tare da fil.

Nasihun fasaha waɗanda ke yin bambanci

Sanyi da kwanciyar hankali. Yi aiki da kek a ciki kwanaki sanyi Yana sa komai ya fi sauƙi: man shanu yana tsayawa a wurin, gluten yana ƙara ƙarami, kuma laminate ya fito da tsabta. A lokacin zafi, yana rage lokutan sarrafawa kuma yana ƙara lokutan hutu.

Ba koyaushe kuna buƙatar sanyaya tsakanin kowane ninki ba idan yanayin ya yi sanyi, amma yana da taimako ga masu farawa: gajeriyar hutu Minti 10 zuwa 20 yana rage kurakurai. Duk da haka, a guji yin firiji sosai don kada man shanu ya yi ƙarfi ya yaga kullu.

Roller tare da kai. Mikewa daga ciki ya hana wuce gefuna, domin hakan zai tura kitsen waje. Tsaya sassan madaidaiciya da kauri kauri don haka duk yadudduka zasu iya aiki tare a cikin tanda.

Tanda a daidai zafin jiki. Preheat tanda da kyau kuma a gasa irin kek ɗin a ciki kimanin digiri 220Kada ku buɗe kofa yayin hawan hawan, ko za ku rasa tururi kuma ku lalata hawan. Yanayin zafi guda biyu shine maɓalli a cikin tsari: sanyi yayin laminating, zafi mai zafi yayin yin burodi.

Cinya guda ɗaya, i; da yawa, a'a. Laps guda shida ingantaccen ma'auni ne. Wuce ninki Yana iya haifar da yadudduka don sirara da suka ƙare har suna waldawa tare, rasa ma'ana da girma.

Rarraba amfani: sansanoni, shinge da tsaftataccen yanki

An haɗa aikace-aikacen kek ɗin puff, kusan magana, zuwa iyalai biyu: guntu inda irin kek ɗin ke aiki kamar crispy tushe ga sauran kayan masarufi da shirye-shirye inda ya nannade cikawa ya ajiye a ciki.

A matsayin tushe: 'ya'yan itace tarts Apple kek, tarts da kek, ethereal milfeuille ko ma a Farisa flan A classic inda kullu yana riƙe da kirim na vanilla. Anan, na yau da kullun na mirgina shine zinari.

A matsayin kunsa: cakulan Neapolitans, braids tare da cikawa Irin kek iri-iri, canutllos waɗanda aka cika bayan haka, empanadillas masu daɗi, croissants na fili ko croissants tare da cakulan. Daga cikin mafi asali guda ne dabino sugar, waxanda suke da tsantsa puff irin kek tare da caramelization a lokacin yin burodi.

Akwai kuma pastries da holidays: daga a zoben irin kek wanda ke ba da cikawa kuma yana haifar da hybrids na zamani. Savory puff irin kek, a halin yanzu, yana haskakawa tare da tuna, naman alade, da cuku empanadas, alayyafo tare da cuku mai launin shuɗi da haɗin goro, salmon tare da cukuwar feta, ko cukuwar akuya mai yuwuwa tare da albasa caramelized.

A cikin babin manyan jita-jita, ƴan kaɗan ne suka yi kyau kamar nadi mai laushi Wellington sirloin. An rufe da kyau kuma an gasa zuwa ga kamala, bambanci tsakanin nama mai ɗanɗano da ɗanɗanon irin kek ɗin da ba za a iya doke su ba.

Trends, sana'a da avant-garde puff irin kek

Puff irin kek yana da sauƙi a cikin tsari kuma mai rikitarwa a cikin aiwatarwa. Waɗanda suka ƙware da faren kek sun san cewa yana buƙatar ƙoƙari sosai sa'o'i masu yawa na ninkawa da hutawa don cimma cikakkiyar alveoli a cikin irin kek irin su croissants, wanda a cikin gidan burodi mai kyau yana kumbura a cikin mintuna bayan daidaitaccen fermentation.

Manyan masu sana'a sun yarda akan mantras guda biyu: man shanu mai inganci da daidaito. Injin zamani yana taimakawa, amma ido da horo suna ƙidaya kamar fasaha. Daga gidajen burodin da ke ba da ɗaruruwan croissants a rana zuwa shagunan irin kek waɗanda ke wasa tare da kayan abinci na zamani, matakin fasaha ya haɓaka ƙima da yawa.

Ƙididdiga na baya-bayan nan ya kawo tsari waɗanda ke buƙatar daidaitaccen millimeter. Misali shine puff irin kek cubes Ana yin waɗannan ta hanyar shimfiɗa sassan da aka riga aka yanka don ƙirƙirar yadudduka da yawa na bayyane, ana gasa su a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan cubic tare da goge gefuna don cimma siffofi mara kyau. Rolls-wahayi na New York suma sun fito, masu daɗi da daɗi, tare da ɗanɗanon caramelized da toppings waɗanda ke canzawa lokaci-lokaci.

A cikin layi daya, akwai masu kare kayan gargajiya na gargajiya Ba tare da wani wucin gadi: buttercream millefeuille, kintsattse palmiers, da kyau yi classic croissants. Dukansu mahanga guda biyu, masu kirkira da masu tsafta, suna zama tare kuma suna haɓaka ma'auni gabaɗaya, kodayake wasu ƙwararrun masu dafa abinci sun yi gargaɗi game da haɗarin daidaita abubuwan da ke haifar da lahani na ƙwararrun gida.

Cibiyoyin horar da bayanai suna tura wannan kalaman, suna sanya m irin kek A cikin hasashe na ƙasa da ƙasa, ƙullun da aka yi da ɗanɗano da ɗanɗaɗɗen kullu suna zama sana'a ga sabbin tsararrun masu yin burodi da masu dafa irin kek. Na gaba yana nuna ƙarin buƙatun fasaha, ingantattun albarkatun ƙasa, da mabukaci waɗanda ke ƙara ƙimar ingancin irin kek.

Flower puff irin kek da sauran nau'ikan nadi

Sunan irin kek ɗin furen ana ba wa wanda ya karɓa sau biyar ko shida sauki. Yana da kyau lokacin neman tsayi, ko da tsayi, manufa don vol-au-vents, tortles, da tarts na 'ya'yan itace. Idan kuna buƙatar ƙasa da tashi ko ƙarami mai ƙarfi, rage adadin juyawa ko amfani da rabin irin kek.

Baya ga sigar triptych mai sauƙi, akwai wasu bambance-bambance masu amfani. Juya Ninka takardar a rabi; ninki biyu yana kawo gefuna zuwa tsakiyar don wani ninka; ninkawa da yawa yana ƙara wani ninki a kowane gefe. Kowane tsari yana ninka yadudduka daban-daban kuma yana daidaita rubutu da tsayi.

Kuskuren gama gari da yadda ake guje musu

Jawo wuka yayin yanke hatimi yadudduka kuma yana kashe tashin: koyaushe nemi a yanke a tsaye mai tsaftafulawa da yawa suna barin alama kuma yana sa cizon ya yi tauri; fulawa kadan kadan ta manne a kullu sai yaga. Koyaushe goge duk wani abin da ya wuce gona da iri kafin nadawa.

Man shanu mai karyewa yaga kullu; man shanu mai laushi yana tserewa. Mafita shine daidaita zafin jikiIdan ya karye, a ɗan dumi shi da abin birgima; idan yana gudana, kwantar da shingen kuma sake farawa. Kada ku yi rataya sosai kan ci gaba: dokokin sanyi.

Idan ba ka son tushe ya tashi, toka wuraren da kake so a kwance da allura ko fil domin tururi ya tsere. Idan kana neman a matsakaicin ci gaba, guje wa huda kuma tabbatar da cewa tanda ta shirya sosai idan tiren ya shiga.

Juyawa da yawa ba su kai mafi kyawun irin kek ba. Bayan wani kofa, da yadudduka suka karasa suna bugun juna kuma sakamakon ya rasa haske. Tsaya cikin kewayon juyi shida sai dai in takamaiman girke-girke ya kira wani abu dabam.

Idan ba na so in rikita abubuwa fa?

Ƙarya irin kek shine hanyar rayuwa don shirye-shirye masu sauri. Ko da yake ba ya bayar da iri ɗaya na ban mamaki puff irin kek, yana warware tarts masu sauƙi, biscuits mai laushi, ko ɓawon burodi inda ƙuƙuwa ya fi nauyi. Duk da haka, ajiye fulawa a sanyi, yi amfani da man shanu mai sanyi, kuma ninka shi sau da yawa don inganta shimfidawa.

Raba, koyo kuma ku ji daɗi

Kyakkyawan shiri shine raba aikin zuwa kwana biyu kuma kuyi rayuwa tare da mikewa kwantar da hankalinki ki hutaGanin folds da karkatarwa a cikin mutum ko amfani da umarnin mataki-mataki tare da hotuna yana taimaka muku kafa dabarar. Kuma idan kun yi ƙarfin hali, raba sakamakonku a kan kafofin watsa labarun: jama'ar puff irin kek suna aiki kuma suna ba da shawara tare da shawara.

Ga masu son zurfafa zurfafa, a yau akwai horar da kan layi da makarantu na musamman waɗanda ke koyarwa daga abubuwan da suka dace na ƙwanƙwasa da cikawa zuwa ci-gaba laminates da bidi'a a gidan burodi. Ba kwa buƙatar laminator na masana'antu don koyo; a gida, tare da mirgina fil, sanyi, da tsari, za ku iya samun babban ci gaba.

Puff irin kek haɗe ne na kimiyya, fasaha, da haƙuri. Fahimtar dalilin da ya sa yake tashi ba tare da yisti ba, zabar gari mai kyau, kiyaye man shanu daidai, ninkewa ta hanya, da yin burodi a cikin tanda da aka rigaya da kyau shine guntu na wuyar warwarewa. Tare da waɗannan maɓallan, ƴan juyi da aka yi da kyau da sha'awar yin aiki, Kullun da ya fi dacewa a cikin ɗakin dafa abinci zai buɗe duniya na ƙwanƙwasa tushe, bawo mai laushi, da cizon man shanu wanda zai sa ku zama fan.